World War II

The Second World War, lasting from 1939 to 1945, was a global conflict that involved most of the world's nations. It was the deadliest conflict in human history. Here are some Second World War fun facts:
Druhá světová válka
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World War II began on September 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland.

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It involved over 100 million people from more than 30 countries.

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The war saw the widespread use of new technologies, including radar, jet engines, and nuclear weapons.

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The United States entered the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.

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D-Day, the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, was the largest amphibious assault in history.

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The Holocaust, perpetrated by Nazi Germany, led to the genocide of six million Jews and millions of others.

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Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Joseph Stalin were key Allied leaders, often referred to as the 'Big Three.'

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The Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943) was one of the deadliest battles in history, with over two million casualties.

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The war ended in Europe on May 8, 1945, with the unconditional surrender of Germany, known as V-E Day.

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Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945, following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, known as V-J Day.

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The United Nations was established in 1945 to promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts.

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World War II significantly altered the political and social structure of the world, leading to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.

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Women played a crucial role in the war effort, serving in military and civilian roles across various nations.

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The war led to significant advancements in medicine, including the mass production of penicillin.

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The economic and industrial capabilities of the United States were crucial to the Allied victory, leading to its emergence as a superpower.

Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin, born on April 16, 1889, in London, England, was one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. Known for his iconic character 'The Tramp,' Chaplin became a worldwide symbol of the silent film era. As an actor, director, composer, and producer, he created some of the most enduring and beloved films of all time. Here are 15 fun facts that you might not know about Charlie Chaplin. Enjoy these fun facts as we explore the life of a true pioneer of the film industry.
1

Charlie Chaplin was born into a family of entertainers; both his parents were music hall performers in London.

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He started his career at the age of 10 as a member of a dancing troupe called 'The Eight Lancashire Lads.'

3

Chaplin's iconic character 'The Tramp' first appeared in the 1914 film 'Kid Auto Races at Venice.'

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He was one of the co-founders of United Artists, a film studio created in 1919 along with D.W. Griffith, Mary Pickford, and Douglas Fairbanks.

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Chaplin wrote, directed, produced, edited, starred in, and composed the music for most of his films, showcasing his multifaceted talent.

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His film 'The Great Dictator' (1940) was his first true talking picture and a satire of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi regime.

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Chaplin's 'The Kid' (1921) was one of the first films to combine comedy and drama in a seamless way, influencing the development of the dramedy genre.

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Despite being a British citizen, Chaplin lived in the United States for much of his career but was exiled in 1952 during the McCarthy era due to accusations of communist sympathies.

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In 1972, Chaplin returned to the United States to receive an Honorary Academy Award, receiving a 12-minute standing ovation, the longest in Oscar history.

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Chaplin was married four times and had 11 children, with his last marriage to Oona O'Neill lasting until his death.

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He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1975, becoming Sir Charles Chaplin.

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Chaplin was known for his perfectionism and often required dozens or even hundreds of takes to get a scene just right.

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He had a close friendship with Albert Einstein, and the two often discussed politics, science, and art.

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Chaplin composed the music for many of his films, including the famous song 'Smile,' which became a popular standard.

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He continued to work in film until the age of 77, with his last film being 'A Countess from Hong Kong' (1967), starring Marlon Brando and Sophia Loren.

Julia Roberts

Julia Roberts, born on October 28, 1967, in Smyrna, Georgia, is one of Hollywood's most beloved and successful actresses. Known for her radiant smile and magnetic screen presence, Roberts has captivated audiences in a wide range of films, from romantic comedies to intense dramas. She became a global superstar with her role in 'Pretty Woman' and has since earned numerous accolades, including an Academy Award for Best Actress. Here are 15 fun facts that you might not know about Julia Roberts. These fun facts provide a deeper insight into the life of a true Hollywood icon.
1

Julia Roberts initially wanted to be a veterinarian, but after graduating from high school, she moved to New York City to pursue acting.

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She made her film debut in the 1988 movie 'Mystic Pizza,' where she played a young waitress, a role that helped launch her career.

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Roberts became a household name with her role as Vivian Ward in 'Pretty Woman' (1990), a performance that earned her an Academy Award nomination.

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She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Erin Brockovich in the 2000 film of the same name, a role that also earned her a Golden Globe Award.

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Roberts is known for her distinctive laugh, which has become one of her trademarks in many of her films.

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She was the first actress to command a $20 million salary for a single film, earning the sum for her role in 'Erin Brockovich.'

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Roberts has three children with her husband, cinematographer Daniel Moder, whom she married in 2002.

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She has worked with some of the most respected directors in Hollywood, including Steven Soderbergh, Garry Marshall, and Mike Nichols.

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Roberts has been named People's 'World's Most Beautiful Woman' a record five times, reflecting her enduring appeal and charisma.

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She is a dedicated philanthropist, supporting various causes such as UNICEF, and has also served as a spokeswoman for Earth Biofuels.

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Roberts starred in the 1997 romantic comedy 'My Best Friend's Wedding,' which became one of the highest-grossing films of the year.

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She has a passion for knitting and has been known to knit on movie sets between takes.

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Roberts' niece, Emma Roberts, is also a successful actress, and the two have a close relationship both personally and professionally.

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She voiced the character of Charlotte in the animated film 'Charlotte's Web' (2006), showcasing her versatility as an actress.

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Julia Roberts was honored with the American Cinematheque Award in 2007 for her contributions to the film industry.

Morgan Freeman

Morgan Freeman, born on June 1, 1937, in Memphis, Tennessee, is one of Hollywood's most respected and distinguished actors. With a deep, resonant voice and commanding presence, Freeman has delivered powerful performances across a wide range of films and genres. Throughout his illustrious career, he has received numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, and has become one of the most recognizable voices in entertainment. Here are 15 fun facts that you might not know about Morgan Freeman. Enjoy these fun facts as we explore the life of a true cinematic legend.
1

Morgan Freeman made his acting debut at the age of nine, playing the lead role in a school play.

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He won his first Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in 'Million Dollar Baby' (2004).

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Freeman has a private pilot's license, which he earned at the age of 65, and owns several aircraft.

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Before becoming an actor, he served in the United States Air Force as an Automatic Tracking Radar Repairman.

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Morgan Freeman was the first African American to play the role of God in a major film, starring in 'Bruce Almighty' and its sequel 'Evan Almighty'.

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He has worked with director Clint Eastwood multiple times, including on 'Unforgiven' and 'Million Dollar Baby'.

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Freeman's distinctive voice has made him one of the most sought-after narrators in the industry, lending his voice to documentaries, commercials, and films.

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He co-founded the production company Revelations Entertainment, which focuses on producing thought-provoking films.

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Morgan Freeman was offered the role of Nelson Mandela in 'Invictus', a role he had long wanted to play, and received critical acclaim for his portrayal.

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He is an advocate for civil rights and has been involved in numerous social causes, including efforts to promote education and equality.

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Freeman has a passion for sailing and owns a 38-foot sailboat named 'Afrodesia'.

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He turned down the role of Pete in 'Ghost', which eventually went to Whoopi Goldberg.

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In addition to his acting career, Freeman is also a successful restaurateur and co-owns a blues club in Clarksdale, Mississippi.

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He has appeared in multiple films that have been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, including 'Driving Miss Daisy', 'The Shawshank Redemption', and 'Million Dollar Baby'.

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Morgan Freeman was awarded the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement at the 2012 Golden Globe Awards.

Natalie Portman

Natalie Portman, born on June 9, 1981, in Jerusalem, Israel, is one of the most talented and intelligent actresses in Hollywood. Known for her exceptional performances and her academic achievements, Portman has earned critical acclaim and numerous awards, including an Academy Award. From her early start in the industry to her powerful roles in films like 'Black Swan,' she has proven herself to be a versatile and dedicated actress. Here are 15 fun facts that you might not know about Natalie Portman. These fun facts provide a closer look into the life of a remarkable actress and scholar.
1

Natalie Portman was discovered at the age of 10 in a pizza parlor and was offered a modeling contract, which she turned down to focus on acting.

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She made her film debut at the age of 12 in 'Léon: The Professional' (1994), where she played a young girl who forms a bond with a hitman.

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Portman graduated from Harvard University with a degree in psychology in 2003, all while continuing to act in major films.

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She is fluent in Hebrew, English, and conversational French, German, and Japanese, showcasing her linguistic abilities.

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Portman won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in 'Black Swan' (2010), a performance that required her to undergo extensive ballet training.

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She was the youngest member of the jury at the 61st Cannes Film Festival in 2008, demonstrating her influence and respect in the film industry.

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Portman shaved her head for her role in 'V for Vendetta' (2005) and has said it was one of the most liberating experiences of her career.

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She has been involved in numerous humanitarian efforts, including serving as an ambassador for FINCA International, an organization that provides financial services to low-income women.

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Portman directed her first feature film, 'A Tale of Love and Darkness' (2015), based on the memoir of Israeli author Amos Oz, in which she also starred.

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She has been a vegetarian since childhood and later became a vegan, advocating for animal rights and environmental sustainability.

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Portman is married to French dancer and choreographer Benjamin Millepied, whom she met on the set of 'Black Swan,' and they have two children together.

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She is the first person born in the 1980s to have won an Academy Award for Best Actress, solidifying her place in film history.

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Portman has been a strong advocate for gender equality in Hollywood, using her platform to speak out against sexism and support women's rights.

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She has appeared in multiple blockbuster franchises, including the 'Star Wars' prequels as Padmé Amidala and the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Jane Foster.

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Natalie Portman was a guest lecturer at Columbia University in 2006, where she spoke about her experiences in Hollywood and her academic pursuits.

Robert Downey Jr.

Robert Downey Jr., born on April 4, 1965, in New York City, is one of Hollywood's most beloved and resilient actors. Known for his remarkable comeback from personal struggles, Downey has become synonymous with his role as Tony Stark/Iron Man in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. His journey from a talented young actor to one of the biggest movie stars in the world is both inspiring and fascinating. Here are 15 fun facts that you might not know about Robert Downey Jr. These fun facts offer a closer look into the life of a true Hollywood icon.
1

Robert Downey Jr. made his film debut at the age of five in his father's film 'Pound' (1970), directed by Robert Downey Sr.

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He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Charlie Chaplin in the 1992 film 'Chaplin,' which remains one of his most acclaimed performances.

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Downey's father introduced him to drugs at a young age, leading to a long battle with addiction that nearly derailed his career in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

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He made a remarkable comeback in the mid-2000s, with his role as Tony Stark/Iron Man in 2008 marking the beginning of his resurgence in Hollywood.

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Downey is known for his quick wit and improvisational skills, often ad-libbing lines in his films, especially in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

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He has studied martial arts, including Wing Chun Kung Fu, which he credits with helping him overcome his addictions and stay focused.

7

Robert Downey Jr. was the highest-paid actor in Hollywood for three consecutive years (2013-2015), largely due to his work in the Marvel films.

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He has a deep love for music and released a jazz album in 2004 titled 'The Futurist,' where he showcased his singing and piano-playing talents.

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Downey was considered for the role of Anakin Skywalker in 'Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones,' but the part ultimately went to Hayden Christensen.

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He has been married to producer Susan Levin since 2005, and the couple has two children together. Downey credits her with helping him turn his life around.

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Robert Downey Jr. has a close friendship with director Jon Favreau, who cast him as Tony Stark in 'Iron Man,' a decision that played a significant role in revitalizing his career.

12

He was known for his comedic timing on 'Saturday Night Live,' where he was a cast member during the 1985-1986 season.

13

Downey's portrayal of Tony Stark/Iron Man has made him one of the most recognizable and beloved characters in pop culture, influencing a generation of fans.

14

He is a philanthropist and supports various charities, including those focused on cancer research, children's hospitals, and environmental conservation.

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Despite his success, Downey remains humble about his journey and often speaks openly about his struggles and the importance of resilience and redemption.

Scarlett Johansson

Scarlett Johansson, born on November 22, 1984, in New York City, is one of Hollywood's most successful and versatile actresses. Known for her roles in both independent films and blockbuster franchises, Johansson has become a global superstar, earning critical acclaim and numerous awards. She is best known for her role as Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, as well as her performances in films like 'Lost in Translation' and 'Marriage Story.' Here are 15 fun facts that you might not know about Scarlett Johansson. These fun facts provide a deeper insight into the life of a true Hollywood icon.
1

Scarlett Johansson was born to an architect father and a producer mother, and she has a twin brother named Hunter.

2

She made her film debut at the age of 9 in the 1994 film 'North,' and quickly gained recognition for her roles in films like 'Manny & Lo' and 'The Horse Whisperer.'

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Johansson's breakthrough role came in 2003 with 'Lost in Translation,' where she starred opposite Bill Murray and received widespread critical acclaim.

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She is the highest-grossing actress of all time, largely due to her role as Natasha Romanoff/Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

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Johansson has been nominated for two Academy Awards, both in 2020, for her performances in 'Marriage Story' and 'Jojo Rabbit.'

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She is also a talented singer and has released two albums, 'Anywhere I Lay My Head' (2008) and 'Break Up' (2009), the latter in collaboration with singer Pete Yorn.

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Johansson was named Esquire magazine's 'Sexiest Woman Alive' twice, in 2006 and 2013, the first woman to receive the title twice.

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She made her Broadway debut in 2010 in the revival of 'A View from the Bridge,' for which she won a Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play.

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Johansson has a passion for philanthropy and has supported various causes, including cancer research, women's rights, and disaster relief efforts.

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She is fluent in Danish, a language she learned from her father, who was originally from Denmark.

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Johansson was married to actor Ryan Reynolds from 2008 to 2011 and later married French journalist Romain Dauriac, with whom she has a daughter. She is currently married to comedian Colin Jost.

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She is known for her work in both independent films, such as 'Under the Skin' and 'Her,' and major blockbusters, showcasing her versatility as an actress.

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Johansson has lent her voice to several animated films, including 'The Jungle Book' (2016) and 'Sing' (2016), where she voiced the character Ash, a punk rock porcupine.

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She is a dedicated supporter of the arts and has been involved in various theater productions, both as an actress and a producer.

15

Scarlett Johansson was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2012, recognizing her contributions to the film industry.